Aralia echinocaulis Hand.Mazz, the Tujia nationality medicine, is used in fractures. Here, we examined its effects on the healing of tibia fracture in rats and the drug serum effects on the primary osteoblasts. Hypothesis: Aralia echinocaulis Hand.Mazz will effectively promote the healing of fracture in a SD rat model. Methods: Four groups: model group, distilled water Aralia echinocauIis Hand. Mazz water decoction: High dosage group (0.9g∙kg^-1∙d^-1), Middle dosage group (1.8g∙kg^-1∙d^-1), Low dosage group (3.6g∙kg^-1∙d^-1). In vivo, 3-month-old female rats were punched a pore on the left tibia. The rats were killed at 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, 28 d. And the left tibia of rat was detected by micro CT. In vitro, primary osteoblasts were cultured and identified. Primary osteoblasts that would be cultured for 48 h, then cells were treated with the different drug serum. The cells would be collected after 10 days by Alizarin red staining experiments. Efficacy of Aralia echinocaulis Hand.Mazz containing serum on the related expression mRNA and the related protein expression in Wnt / β-catenin and BMP / TGF-β signaling pathways of primary osteoblasts were detected by Real-time PCR and analyzed by Western blot. Conclusion: Effect of Aralia echinocauIis Hand. Mazz containing serum should regulate the related gene and protein of the Wnt / β-catenin and BMP / TGF-β signaling pathways of primary osteoblasts, and the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts were enhanced. It showed good efficacy on the treatment of fracture.Acknowledgement: This study was supported by NSFC Projects (NO. 81673769, NO.81473451, NO.81270051) and Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research (IRT_13R63)